Do Computers Increase Or Decrease Social Connection Essay

Do Computers Increase Or Decrease Social Connection - Essay Example The data correspondence advancements have helped in forming the considerations and activities in manners that influenced the lives of individuals legitimately. The revelation of voice over web convention has made it conceivable to make web calls adequately. The general public has figured out how to see new machines, not as unimportant items to be bought, yet facilitators of a bigger framework. This is controlled by how usable the machines are in meeting the desires for the general public. The importance appended to machines or mechanical advancements needs to make life simpler for them to be pertinent to the standard society. Students of history contend that new machines are not really coercive operators that power individuals into social changes. Be that as it may, in the ongoing past, the advancements in the data correspondence innovation have had a coercive impact in the social part of correspondence. A convincing model in the effect of online life in the presidential whines in th e United States of America. The web based life have assumed a noteworthy job in the achievement of the Arab spring. The quality of availability that has originated from the most recent data advances can't be underestimated2. PCs are seen as specialists of office effectiveness. Nonetheless, it is contended that PCs have been known to mess eye up, back clutters and time wastage in the event of programming disappointment. As per the American assembling relationship, of the associations that diminished staff because of computerization, 24 percent endured misfortunes while 43 percent raised profits3. Through innovation, individuals can contemplate degree programs and go to classes in a virtual environment. A speaker can encourage a class of individuals with is in various pieces of the globe. In any case, web based learning can't... This paper affirms that innovation implies various things to various social gatherings. The proprietors of the supercomputers are assessed to be in various social levels with the proprietors of work stations. The proprietors of supercomputers are seen to be set up and occupied with significant level mechanical tasks. There are qualities that decide the agreeability of innovation or figuring. The more they are embraced, the more they build up their helpfulness. This is generally showed in the system innovations. The selling purpose of advances must be the straightforwardness to embrace and the pertinence in the prompt utilization. There has been a perception that after individuals receives an innovation, they create with it. They redesign as the innovation overhauls, and it turns out to be difficult to change them to another innovation. This report makes an end that media belief systems around one medium influence the media philosophies about different media. Face book and tweeter have had a significant impact in the manner various gatherings impart. The online life clients can send messages and offer data continuously. Ongoing improvements have seen the internet based life engaged to encourage video calls. It isn't evident whether web-based social networking is an official strategy for correspondence. In any case, the heaviness of the messages passed via web-based networking media relies upon the gatherings in question and the proposed message. Little changes in innovation can wind up changing the manners by which individuals circle data. Innovation is quickly inclining towards improved availability. Cell phone is currently a methods for correspondence and internetworking. Most researchers talk about new types of developing association innovations, which have been based upon the current advancements.

The extent of gender fatigue transpiring within the workplace, and the Dissertation

The degree of sex weariness coming to pass inside the working environment, and the manners in which it tends to be survived - Dissertation Example The main suitable clarification for the decrying sexual orientation medicines is sex weakness. It is presumed that the two casualties and administrators need to overlook sexual orientation weariness and manage occurrences of sex imbalance mindfully to void the risks of sex correspondence losing ground. List of chapters Abstract 2 Introduction 4 Research Questions 5 Statement of the Problem 5 Significance of the Study 6 Aims and Objectives of the Study 7 Research Methodology 8 A Review of Literature 8 Gender Inequality in the Work Place 8 Why Gender Inequality Exists in Some Organizations 10 Gender Fatigue as the Driving Force Behind Gender Inequality in the Workplace 12 Results and Analysis 15 Conclusion 18 Bibliography 20 Introduction Gender weakness is an expression used to portray stagnation and smug perspectives toward changes and calls for sexual orientation equity (Dehhehy, 2012). Beginning proof of sex weariness was available during the 1980s when women's activists were depict ed out in the open talk as animation characters and as harsh ladies without humor who anticipated a conviction that all men were â€Å"pigs† and all â€Å"women are saints’ and that â€Å"women who remain at home are squandering their lives† (Sadker and Zittleman, 2009, p. 52). Kelan (2009) offers articulation to sexual orientation weariness in the work environment portraying it as a circumstance in which associations are self-depicted as â€Å"gender neutral†, yet there is proof of sex segregation and the common mentality is one in which there is a general inclination that sex separation is relic of times gone by and â€Å"can happen,† however it is dependent upon ladies to discover arrangements (p. 197). Kelan (2008) likewise contends that individuals from an association will frequently portray their separate associations as â€Å"gender neutral† in spite of the fact that it is clear to all that there is sexual orientation segregation (p. 1). Laborers will recognize that sexual orientation separation happens in the working environment yet will forget about it as insignificant to the work that they do. As indicated by Kelan (2008), this is proof that these laborers are â€Å"experiencing sexual orientation fatigue† and that they are â€Å"weary of pondering sex inequality† (p. 1). Kelan (2010) brings up that the act of accomplishing sex at work adopts double strategies in which sex fairness is built up and compared against a circumstance where sexual orientation contrasts are indeed articulated. For instance, an undertaking is generally acted in which sexual orientation uniformity is featured and this will be trailed by the allotment of â€Å"remedial work, through which sex hierarch is re-established† (Kelan, 2010, p. 176). This examination study explores the issues made by sex weakness in the work place. Specifically, this examination study is worried about the overall demeanor in associations that take the position that they are sexually impartial, yet sex imbalance stays a piece of the authoritative culture. In these conditions, depicted as sexual orientation weakness, this examination paper tries to distinguish how the issues related with accomplishing sex uniformity because of sex exhaustion inside associations can be survived. Research Questions In request to examine the issue of sexual orientation exhaustion in associations and how sex weariness can be defeated to

What Kind of Research Topics Are Best For High School Research Papers?

What Kind of Research Topics Are Best For High School Research Papers?There are hundreds of high school research topics. For those who are into finding the right research topic to apply for a research paper, there are still plenty to choose from. Each year, hundreds of students apply for college and high school scholarships or need funds for college.The research topics that are usually offered for scholarships or need-based grants have to do with the topic on a college transcript. There are some high schools that offer research topics for high school research papers. Research topics in high school are not just limited to those on a transcript.As students move along in their studies, they may want to think about trying a topic that is on current events. The papers that they write in the high school can benefit them in the future. Whether they get the grant or the scholarship, they will be able to learn the knowledge on the current events through the research.Student may also want to c onsider topics from various news outlets. The research topics for high school can come from the media and show how current events are related to the subject. Students are given topics for the papers to cover different aspects of the current events.In addition to the topics that are given out, there are some subjects that could also benefit students. Being considered as the best research topics for high school can also come from writing the research papers themselves. They should be able to focus on the research itself, rather than on what others think about it.There are also a lot of research topics that have to do with the current events that are taking place with regards to society, government, politics, and more. The student may want to be creative about coming up with the topic for their research paper. The main point is to come upwith topics that will benefit them to go forward.There are also some things that may be beneficial for students to study if they want to have the topi c of the research paper focus on current events and current affairs. Some students may be interested in how to apply for scholarships, find out about government programs, and what benefits there are. The student should think about how they would apply for scholarships and then how they would find out about the government programs.The best research topics for high school will be ones that they can find helpful, but are also able to write in a way that focuses on current events. The students should make sure that the topic that they choose to focus on is something that will help them to apply for the research scholarship or need-based scholarship. It is also important to think about the best research topics for high school because it will be a part of their college or career when they are older.

My Struggle With Worry and Anxiety - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1852 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/03/26 Category Psychology Essay Level High school Tags: Anxiety Essay Did you like this example? Something I have struggled with ever since I was young is worry. I was homeschooled for a large portion of my life, and finally attended a brick-and-mortar school in 2nd grade. I would experience constant worry throughout the two years I was there. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "My Struggle With Worry and Anxiety" essay for you Create order I would worry about almost anything and everything. It could be a test, something I said at recess, an event I am going to after school: it didnt matter what it was I worried. It got so bad in third grade that I worried to the point I was physically ill and was sent home vomiting. My worry had changed to what I believe was anxiety. Anxiety has three main components: emotional, physiological, and cognitive (Marques, 2018). For me, all three of these behaviors were present: worry being my cognitive response, my emotional being many things including fear, while my physiological was vomiting (along with sweating and shaking). My mother quickly removed me from school after 3rd grade and homeschooled me. I improved, but not because I had learned how to deal with my worry and anxiety but because I was removed from the situations. For years afterword, I struggled with worry and anxiety. There were times I would again bring myself to the point of physical illness obsessing over something that had happened in the past or could happen in the future. I remember times when I would bring myself to the point of shaking, and hyperventilating. This lasted up until my junior year of high school, where I re-entered the brick-and-mortar school system. In that environment I had to learn to deal with this behavior, because if I didnt I knew that I wouldnt succeed in school. My old behaviors didnt go away completely its just wasnt as extreme to where it impacted my daily life (therefore, no longer anxiety type symptoms vomiting, shaking, sweating). Today, this behavior is again becoming a problem. I now, again, get so worried my stomach knots up and often to deal with these emotions I use food. This is not the way I want my life to continue: its damaging to me physically and psychologically. Eating junk food when I am worrie d leads to me gaining weight which effects my confidence and self-esteem. Not only that, but overall because I am unhealthy I feel terrible: tired, weak, and unable to focus like I should. Then all of this brings me to feel emotionally drained and unable to handle normal everyday interactions with the ease that I used to (not to mention I am now feeling a deep sadness throughout most of my days). I have had too many nights this past year where I have just broken down and been unable to function because my anxiety and worry got out of control, and I couldnt stand it any longer. As I get older, if I dont take care of this now, its only going to get worse. One thing that I discovered through this term was that I could relate to neuroticism at a certain level. In the book, there are two tables of The Five Factor Model traits and what they consist of and in the neuroticism row worry and anxiety is present. Neuroticism has quite a few different factors, including: being insecure, feeling inadequate, and being hypochondrial (Diener Lucas, 2016, p. 372). Other factors include being depressed or getting angry (Diener Lucas, 2016, p. 373). I experience many these factors in varying degrees (though anger isnt a true struggle for me) and they are often a part of my daily life. I tend to, respond emotionally to events that would not affect most people, and [my] reactions tend to be more intense than normal (Five factor test Result, n.d.). The worst out of all the behaviors associated with neuroticism is my worry. I worry about a lot of things in my life: from how I might have done on an assignment, to one comment I made to somebody three days ago and if they took it the wrong way. Worrying over these things can last for days. Worry isnt the only thing that I can relate to with neuroticism, but its the one I am focusing on in my life right now. One site I found states how one who has neuroticism may experience worry due to a need for perfectionism and I think this may be the root of many of my struggles (Waude, 2017). My academic life is a big area where I struggle with perfectionism. I will often worry about how well I am going to do on something before the assignment/test has even been started. And it often is hard for me to accept in my daily life that: yes, I did do my best. This can be something that trips me up at work a lot, and it can make my day a miserable one. My mistakes are something I obsess over, when I do something successfully I cant enjoy it because I am concerned about whats next, and I often think that people wont like me if Im not perfect enough or good enough for them (Tabaka, 2017). These are all ex amples of how I worry over my perfectionism. I have often looked back on my worry and wondered how it came to be in the first place. Its the age-old nurture vs nature question. Was I born with a susceptibility to worry or is it something I learned from my experiences. As the psychologist Amy Przeworski, PhD states, Individuals inherit a predisposition to being an anxious person, [and] about 30 to 40 percent of the variability is related to genetic factors (Van, 2015). The textbook also states that, No single gene directly causes anxiety or panic, but our genes may make us more susceptible to anxiety and influence how our brains react to stress (Drabant et al., 2012; Gelernter Stein, 2009; Smoller, Block, Young, 2009) (Barlow Ellard, 2016, 424). Although some of what I experience may be genetic, I believe much of my behavior is something I learned growing up. It is important when investigating a behavior I want to change, to look at where in my life it may have been learned. I can engage in autobiographical reasoning to aide in this search: this means that I look at my past and what I have gone through to create an explanation for the behavior or what I am doing with my life in the present or plan to in the future (McAdams, 2016, 412). I think that one huge contributor to this behavior is my mothers influence. She is a constant worrier and has been for as long as I can remember. When my father lost his job when I was in middle school, she verbally expressed her fear and panic about how we were going to have to give the dogs away, sell our clothes, and live on the streets. It wasnt uncommon for her to see the worst-case scenario in her panic, and often it was her children she told those to. This is one example, but most definitely not the only one I was privy to throughout my life. An experience in my childhood that may have also helped guide to me where I am today in my perfectionism is that my father very rarely expressed approval or pride in my sister and me. The only times I was praised by him was wh en I came home with a good grade on an assignment or did something particularly great and so that became something I craved. The better I did, the more praise I could acquire. Knowing what experiences in my life has led me to worry the way I do doesnt necessarily change anything. It doesnt stop me from continuing such behavior, but paired with my motivation to change it, it can help me see which areas in my life I need to work on so that I dont worry like I have been. My perfectionism, as I have states above, is something that feeds into my worry. A good place to start in focusing on this behavior and training myself to better deal with it would be to remind myself that I am doing my best, and that is all I can do. What happens afterword will just happen, and it can be something I learn from or choose to wallow in. I worry so much about the what ifs, when there is no guarantee any of those worries will come true. One way to combat this might be to understand and accept that worrying wont change anything, and maybe even repeat my worries repeatedly in my head or out loud until they dont hold the same power over me (Mann, n.d.). If self-treatment doesnt work , considering how long this behavior has continued, I could always investigate cognitive behavioral therapy. Im not going to sugar coat it: even in the years my worrying wasnt horrendous, it still wasnt good. I would even say that it was never taken care of (even during my junior year as stated above), as much as the stress I was under wasnt so bad that my worrying and anxiety became chronic issues after high school. As I grow up, there is going to be more and more stressors in my life they arent things I can just hope will go away. I must deal with how I respond to those stressors, and I dont think I have ever truly done that. I can try to self-treat my behavior, but if I need help: there is no shame in that. I doubt I would ever need a psychotropic drug, but if it was considered whats best for me I dont think I would say no. I am just at that point in my life where it has almost become too miserable to say no to treatment. I think tomorrow may be a good day to start attempting to control how much anxiety I am experiencing. The reason I state tomorrow, is because this week is going to be the most stressful week of this term. I have a review from the state of Oregon coming up at work, I have plenty of assignments to submit, and all my bills are coming up. This week is the perfect time to do everything I can to calm myself down, accept things how they are, and move on. Breathing exercises may help me, by slowing my heart rate and sending oxygen to my brain, I am giving my mind time to come to terms with what is coming up. I can then repeat in my mind what it is I am worried about, and strive to accept the inevitably of the situation and that I can only do the best I can and learn from any mistakes I may make. If these exercises dont work, maybe I can look into yoga classes. If my symptoms dont subside after a length of time (within half a year), and I have looked up all the solutions I can, it may be time to talk to my doctor and schedule an appointment with a therapist in town.

Calculating And Evaluating Example For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2836 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Corporate finance is the field of finance dealing with financial decisions that business enterprises make and the tools and analysis used to make these decisions. Corporate finance is one of the most important areas of finance which takes into account all the financial decision taken by corporate enterprises.The primary goal of corporate finance is to maximize corporate value while managing the firms financial risks. Although it is in principle different from managerial finance which studies the financial decisions of all firms, rather than corporations alone, the main concepts in the study of corporate finance are applicable to the financial problems of all kinds of firms. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Calculating And Evaluating Example For Free" essay for you Create order It also deals with the tools and techniques used to make these decisions. One of the main objectives of corporate finance is to maximize the corporate value. Corporate finance also takes into account the financial risks faced by the firm while maximizing the corporate value. Corporate finance is different from managerial fianceacute;. Corporate finance deals only with the corporate whereas managerial finance deals with almost all the firms. Capital Investment Decisions: The goal of the corporate sector is to maximize return on investing in projects which have a positive Net Present Value. Capital investment decision is composed of : 1. Investment Decision 2. The Dividend Decision Working Capital Management: This type of corporate finance is used the management of the current assets of the company. It also deals with short term financing such that the cash flows and return are acceptable. Financial Risk Management: Financial Risk Management is vital for Corp orate Finance. It basically highlights the risks that are to be hedged by the use of different financial instruments. The financial instruments are changes in the commodity prices, interest rates, foreign exchange rates and stock prices. Derivatives like options, future contracts, forward contracts and swaps are used as instruments of financial risk management. Introduction to Corporate Finance is simply dealt with acquisition of resources and allocation of resources. Get an introductory part on Corporate Finance. Corporate Financial Services are mainly of asset based lending, cash flow lending and second lien loans. Corporate Financial Management is an important tool in managing the working capital of a company. Find the process of managing the corporate finance. PepsiCo The world leading firm in snack food industry and the second in the soft drink industry. It has more than 200 product available in the market in and around the world. It invents many ideas and designs to p romote and improve itself. The company is listed in the London stock exchange. The major competitor of pepsico is coca cola which is the leading brand in the soft drink industry and maintains a larger share than pepsico. 2.Net Debt Ratio of PEPSI CO L*= (D+PVOL-CMS)/ (NP+D+PVOL-CMS) D=Market value of Total Debt= $9453 PVOL=Present Value of Operating Lease (5 times the annual rental expense) =479*5= $2395 CMS=Cash and Marketable Securities=($1498*25%)+$1498= 1123.50 NP=No. Of common shares* common stock price=788*55.87=$44025.56 L*= (D+PVOL-CMS)/ (NP+D+PVOL-CMS) L*= (9453+2395-1123.50)/ (44025.56+9453+2395-1123.50) = 10724.50/ 54750.06 = 0.20 3.Ratio Calculation of PepsiCo and Comparable Firms Interest Coverage Ratio Interest coverage Ratio is used to analysis the firms debt-servicing ability. The ratio indicates the number of times the company can make the payment of the interest charges are available funds. A higher ratio is desirable for every company, but as the ratio increases the risk also increases for the company indicating conservative nature of the firm in using debt. A lower ratio indicates excessive use of debt or inefficient operations. Interest coverage  is a financial ratio which helps the company in providing a quick glance of companys ability to pay the interest charges on its debt. It also tells the company about the number of times the company can pay interest from the available earnings which acts as a safety margin for a particular period for the company. Pepsi Co Interest Coverage Ratio= Earning before Interest and Tax(EBIT)/ Interest = $3114/ $682 = 4.57 Cadbury Schweppes Interest Coverage Ratio= Earning before Interest and Tax (EBIT)/ Interest = $ 661/ $135 = 4.90 Coca- Cola Interest Coverage Ratio= Earning before Interest and Tax(EBIT)/ Interest = $4600/ $272 = 16.91 Coca- Cola Entreprises Interest Coverage Ratio= Earning before Interest and Tax(EBIT)/ Interest = $471/ $ 326 = 1.44 McDonalds Interest Coverage Ratio= Earning before Interest and Tax(EBIT)/ Interest = $2509/ $ 340 = 7.38 Comparing the Interest coverage ratio of PepsiCo with other companies, PepsiCo has a good ratio which is neither high nor low, which indicates that the company is operating efficiently and is not conservative in using Debt. Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio A ratio that indicates a firms ability to satisfy fixed financing expenses, such as interest and leases. The fixed charge coverage ratio is especially important for firms that extensively lease equipment. EBIT, Taxes, and Interest Expense are taken from the companys income statement. Lease Payments are taken from the balance sheet and are usually shown as a footnote on the balance sheet. The result of the fixed charge coverage ratio is the number of times the company can cover its fixed charges per year. A Ratio which is higher to 1 indicates that the company is able to payoff its fixed expenses and lower ratio shows that the company is unable clear its fixed expenses. It is calculated as follows: EBIT + Fixed charge/ Fixed charge + Interest Pepsi co Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio = EBIT + Fixed charge/ Fixed charge + Interest = $ 3114+ $479/ $479+ $ 682 =$ 3593/ $ 1161 =$ 3.09 Cadbury Schweppes Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio = EBIT + Fixed charge/ Fixed charge + Interest = $ 661+$25/ $25+$ 135 = $686/$ 160 =$ 4.29 Coca- Cola Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio = EBIT + Fixed charge/ Fixed charge + Interest =$ 4600+$ 0/$0 +$ 272 =$ 16.91 Coca- Cola Enterprise Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio = EBIT + Fixed charge/ Fixed charge + Interest =$ 471+$ 31/$ 31+$ 326 =$ 502/ $ 357 =$1.41 McDonalds Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio = EBIT + Fixed charge/ Fixed charge + Interest =$ 2509+$ 498/$ 498+$ 340 =$ 3009/ $ 838 =$ 3.59 The ratios indicate that all the companies are showing a positive sign that they are able to payoff the fixed expenses which they incur every year. The companies with higher than 1 indicates the ability to pay the fixed charges that the company incur. Long Term Debt Ratio This ratio is calculated to determine the companys leverage. Here the companies long term debt and the shareholders equity is taken into consideration for the calculation. Long term debt ratio shows what proportion of debt and equity the firm is using to finance its assets to run the operation of the company. If the company uses more debt finance to run the operations of the business, the company can generate more earnings. Higher the ratio, higher is the companies leverage, but the companies with more long term debt are a liability to the company and therefore it is risky. It is calculated as follows: Long term debt / Shareholders Equity Pepsi Co Long Term Debt Ratio = Long term debt / Shareholders Equity = $ 8747/ $ 1498 = 5.84 Cadbury Schweppes Long Term Debt Ratio = Long term debt / Shareholders Equity =$ 864/$ 129 =6.70 Coca- Cola Long Term Debt Ratio = Long term debt / Shareholders Equity =$ 1141/$ 1315 =0.87 Coca- Cola Enterprises Long Term Debt Ratio = Long term debt / Shareholders Equity =$ 4138/$ 8 = 517.25 McDonalds Long Term Debt Ratio = Long term debt/ Shareholders Equity =$ 4258/$ 335 =12.71 Here the comparison indicates that the only PepsiCo has an average level leverage of the company, which is neither too risky nor safe. This can also said as ideal leverage level compared to the risk that other companies bare. This ratio also indicates the risk which the company face while using the debt financing for investment activities. If the company is not able to generate enough cash flows, its risk of bankruptcy is higher which with shatter the business of the company. Total debt to Adjusted Total Capitalisation The long term debt to total capitalisation ratio indicates the proportion of long term debt invested in the total asset of the company. For the calculation, the total long term debt and the shareholders equity are taken into consideration. A major difference from the traditional debt-to-equity ratio is that,  this ratio compares the proportion of a companys long-term debt compared to its available capital. With this ratio, investors can identify the  amount of leverage  utilized by the company and compare it  to others to help analyze the companys risk exposure. Companies  with a greater portion of their capital with the debt are considered riskier than those with lower leverage ratios. Total debt to adjusted total capitalization helps in measuring the performance of a company on a risk-adjusted basis calculation. This ratio helps the company in showing the financial leverage. This ratio is the variation of Long term debt ratio or the traditional debt-equity ratio. Tot al debt to adjusted total capitalization computes the proportion of companys total debt with its available capital. By using this ratio, investors can identify the  amount of leverage  utilized by a specific company and compare it  to others to help analyze the companys risk exposure. It is calculated as follows: Total Debt/ Total Debt + Common Stock Pepsi Co Total Debt to Adjusted Total Capitalisation= Total Debt/ Total Debt + Common Stock = $ 9453/ $9453+$ 1498 =$ 9453/ $ 10951 =0.86 Cadbury Schweppes Total Debt to Adjusted Total Capitalisation= Total Debt/ Total Debt + Common Stock =$ 1490/ $ 1490+ $ 129 =$ 1490/ $ 1619 =0.92 Coca-Cola Total Debt to Adjusted Total Capitalisation= Total Debt/ Total Debt + Common Stock =$ 1693/ $ 1693+ $1315 =$ 1693/ $ 3008 =0.56 Coca- Cola Enterprises Total Debt to Adjusted Total Capitalisation= Total Debt/ Total Debt + Common Stock =$ 4201/$ 4201 + $ 8 =$ 4201/ $ 4209 =1 McDonalds Total Debt to Adjusted Total Capitalisation= Total Debt/ Total Debt + Common Stock =$ 4836/ $ 4836+$ 335 =$ 4836/ $ 5171 =0.94 The ratios of the companies are having the same position with Cadbury with the ratio in highest position with 0.92 and Coca Cola with 0.56 as the lowest. It indicates that Coca Cola is the lowest riskier company among all in the list. Ratio of Cash Flow to Long- term Debt Ratio of Cash flow to long term debt indicates the available fund with the company payoff the companies long term debts. Higher is the ratio, higher will be the ability of the company to pay the total debt with the cash generation with its operations. A lower ratio will indicate debt or a weak cash flow generation of the company. This has to be investigated by the company to know the factor the low ratio and this ratio can be compared with the historic data so that the root cause can be found. It is calculated as follows: Cash Flow/ Long Term Debt Pepsi Co Ratio of cash flow to long term debt=Cash Flow/ Long Term Debt =$ 3742/ $ 8747 =0.43 Cadbury Schweppes Ratio of cash flow to long term debt=Cash Flow/ Long Term Debt =$ 492/ $ 864 =0.57 Coca-Cola Ratio of cash flow to long term debt=Cash Flow/ Long Term Debt =$ 3115/ $ 1141 =2.73 Coca- Cola Enterprises Ratio of cash flow to long term debt=Cash Flow/ Long Term Debt =$ 644/ $ 4138 = 0.16 McDonalds Ratio of cash flow to long term debt=Cash Flow/ Long Term Debt =$ 2296/ $ 4258 =0.54 The ratios indicates that the company need to investigate on the cause behind the lower ratio. other companies are also indicating a low ratio. This can be a serious issue for the companys in the future if this is not rectified in the initial stage of occurrence. The company are facing this situation for more year have to identify the cause with comparative study using the historical data of the company so as to get a clear picture of the scenario. The Ratio of Cash Flow to Total Debt Ratio of cash flow to total debt indicates the companys ability to pay the total debt with the cash available from its yearly operations. Total debt is the sum of short term and long term debt of the company. Higher is the ratio, higher will be the ability of the company to pay the total debt with the cash generation with its operations. A lower ratio will indicate debt or a weak cash flow generation of the company. This has to be investigated by the company to know the factor the low ratio and this ratio can be compared with the historic data so that the root cause can be found. It is calculated as follows: Cash Flow/ Total Debt Pepsi Co The Ratio of cash flow to total debt=Cash Flow/ Total Debt =$ 3742/ $ 9453 = 0.40 Cadbury Schweppes The Ratio of cash flow to total debt=Cash Flow/ Total Debt =$ 492/ $ 1490 =0.33 Coca-Cola The Ratio of cash flow to total debt=Cash Flow/ Total Debt =$ 3115/ $ 1693 =1.84 Coca- Cola Enterprises The Ratio of cash flow to total debt=Cash Flow/ Total Debt =$ 644/ $ 4201 =0.15 McDonalds The Ratio of cash flow to total debt=Cash Flow/ Total Debt =$ 2296/ $ 4836 =0.47 The ratios indicate that the company with lower ratio need to investigate on the cause behind the lower ratio. There are other companies also which have low ratio. This can be a serious issue for the companys in the future if this is not rectified in the initial stage of occurrence. Net Debt Ratio of PEPSI CO L*= (D+PVOL-CMS)/ (NP+D+PVOL-CMS) D=Market value of Total Debt= $9453 PVOL=Present Value of Operating Lease (5 times the annual rental expense) =479*5= $2395 CMS=Cash and Marketable Securities=($1498*25%)+$1498= 1123.50 NP=No. Of common shares* common stock price=788*55.87=$44025.56 L*= (D+PVOL-CMS)/ (NP+D+PVOL-CMS) L*= (9453+2395-1123.50)/ (44025.56+9453+2395-1123.50) = 10724.50/ 54750.06 = 0.20 or 20% PepsiCo measures a good financial leverage on the above ratios. Here, the company has a net debt ratio of 20% which states that the organization is maintaining a handle on their finances in a good manner which help them maintain a proper financial control of the activities. PepsiCos objective to maintain a single A debt rating for the net debt ratio is satisfactory and reasonable since the standard is set in and between 20-25% and the net debt ratio falls in 20% for the firm. 4. Conclusion A firm should maintain the corporate financial activities of the firm in the controllable and satisfactory manner so that the company is able to plan and workout its future activites in the current situations and plan which help the firm to carry out the activities. The interest coverage ratio, the calculation indicates that coca cola is using higher level of their earnings for their operations. Though higher ratio is desirable but this also indicates that the company is conservative in using debt, which is a narrow idea or notion that the company has about itself. In the fixed charge coverage ratio, the ability of the company or firm to clear its yearly fixed expenses that the company incur are to be cleared, here the ratios shows that coca cola enterprise is not able to pay off its expenses when compared to other four firms and the higher ability to payoff the expenses is coca cola with 16.91, which is highly a positive sign when compared with other companies. The company w ith the ratio in between the coca cola and coca cola enterprise are maintaining a kind of equilibrium with the expenses. In the long term debt, the ratios show the company leverage, here the company leverage for the coca cola enterprise is with a risk that the company is having too many long term debt which is a risk for the firm operation. Company with lower long term debt indicates the higher leverage level for them to carryout the firms operations and also without any risk of bankruptcy. Total debt to total capitalisation ratio indicates the total debt in the capitalisation of the company, the higher the portion will be the higher risk to the company. Here, the calculation shows that the coca cola is with lower risk of total debt to capitalisation. The higher portion is shared by the coca cola enterprises, which is a sign of risk to the company. The company should investigate the root cause of the problem so that the company can sustain itself from the risk in the market. T he company take the historical data to calculate the cause and come out with solution for the risk. Ratio of cash flow to long term debt shows the availability of the cash with the company to clear the long term debt of the company. Here in the calculation the coca cola is 2.73 ratio which indicates that the company is having sufficient amount of cash flow with which it an clear the long term debt of the company. And the lower ratio is shown by the coca cola enterprise, which is indeed at risk as the company will not be able to pay the older debt and will accumulate more of debt for running the operation. The company need to be careful about the new debt which they are going to take from the financial institutions etc. Ratio of cash flow total debt indicates the ability to pay the total debt of the company with the cash flow from its operations. Here in the calculation, coca cola enterprise is making a ratio of 0.15, which indicates that the company is not able to pay its tota l debt with the cash generated from the yearly operation. The company needs to restructure its financial activities so that the company will be able to function properly and successfully. The coca cola company is making a higher ratio in the available firms which indicates the company is able to pay its total debt with the cash they generate every year. Here the ratio shows the company is handling the financial activities in the right manner and controlling the activities. All the ratios calculated are in the average which shows that the ratios are average and companies are functioning with the single A debt rating which makes the investment decision in the right direction and also minimum with high returns.

Part 1 Exemplars Math Rubric And Exemplars Reading Rubric.

Part 1: Exemplars Math Rubric and Exemplars Reading Rubric How does the Exemplars criteria for both math and reading rubrics follow a top-down or bottom-up approach? How do you know? Exemplars scoring rubrics are excellent tools for assessing student work. One clear thing about the rubrics is that both math and reading rubrics follow a top-down approach in assessing students. In math, for instance, the strategy is chosen first (Brookhart, 2013). â€Å"Exemplars math material comprises standards-based rubrics, which define what work meets a standard, and allows teachers (and students) to distinguish between different performance levels.† Students’ work are already predetermined and the teaching style provide them with a large view of the†¦show more content†¦The practitioners are given an opportunity to classify students from novice to expert, which enables the practitioner to work well and design instruction to every student (or group) based on their performance level. In your opinion, what are the values placed on using the terminology for mastery (Novice, Apprentice, Practitioner, and Expert)? In other words, how effective do you believe this terminology is and why? This terminology is actually very effective to both the instructor and the student. For one, it is a clear indication of the student’s level of performance which helps the instructor know where to begin from and helps the student to not only gauge his/her abilities but move along well with the practitioner. Moreover, this give the teacher an easy time in measuring the need to assess the student performance equivalent to standards, which makes assessments less stressful. Part 2: Explain the position Brookhart argues in Chapter 2 against rubrics that merely summarize the requirements of the task, as opposed to rubrics that describe evidence of learning. In chapter two of the book, Brockhart (2013) comments on different feedback types with classroom examples. Brockhart (2013) explain the essence of knowing the choices that teachers have. Knowing the accessible whatShow MoreRelatedThe PFC, Executive Function, and Dysfunction Essay2534 Words   |  11 Pagesstimulus exemplars through time, enabling a subject to participate in conduct, which will aid in realizing long-term objectives. In addition, pyramidal cells tend to contain numerous spindles and so can handle more excitatory inputs than other cortical pyramidal cells. They believe that this is one structural explanation for the PFC’s ability to integrate inputs from multiple sources and to implement abstract comportments. Figure 1 represents the connections of the PFC to its regions. Figure 1: RepresentsRead MoreDynamic Learning Program3987 Words   |  16 Pageslecture/discussion, and usually national experts do the majority of the lectures via video. The students learn independently, because each activity is provided with a clear, learning target. The student will try to understand the lesson on their own by reading the concept notes and by doing the exercises before the lesson is discussed and explained. Some examples of student activities are solving exercises, answering guide questions and copying notes. Each student keeps a portfolio of his work as a representativeRead More2010 Secondary Education Curriculum in English6955 Words   |  28 PagesTools Learning Plan Learning Activities Resources/ Materials The curriculum design has the following elements: Stage 1 A. Results/Desired Outcomes, which define what students should be able to know and do at the end of the program, course, or unit of study; generally expressed in terms of overall goals, and specifically defined in terms of content and performance standards A.1. Content standards, which specify the essential knowledge (includes the most important and enduring ideas, issues, principlesRead MoreSupporting the Development of English Literacy in English Language Learners22851 Words   |  92 Pagesstudents in U.S. schools, increasing from 6% in 1970 to 16% in 1995 and 19% in 1997 (Ruiz de Velasco Fix, 2000). While their numbers have increased, English language learners (ELLs) lag significantly behind their fluent English-speaking peers in reading. For example, in California, ELLs participating in statemandated standardized testing performed worse at all grade levels and were substantially more likely to score below the nationally ranked 25th percentile. In addition, ELLs are substantiallyRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. — 15th ed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions

Aids 3 Essay Example For Students

Aids 3 Essay In 1918 the United States experienced one of the worst epidemics in its history. With 500,000 dead in a matter of 6 months, the Spanish influenza left its mark. With approximately 11.7 million dead worldwide, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS) is still leaving its mark. It is a pandemic the likes of which the world has always feared to see. The HIV virus comes in several varieties, yet they kill basically the same. Our understanding of this virus and how it works is essential to finding its cure, and to preventing its spread. Who it affects and the reasons for its spreading are also important to fight against it. And finally, what can be done to treat and prevent it is essential. According to the World Health Organization we began to see what AIDS truly was in the late 1970s to early 80s, mostly in men and women with multiple sex partners located in East and Central Africa, but also in bisexuals and homosexuals in specific urban areas of the Americas, Ausrtalasia and Western E urope. Aids was and is spread still through infected hypodermic needles which drug abusers are affected by, but also through transfusion of the blood and its components. And sadly, whenever a mother is infected, the unborn child will almost positively receive the virus before, during, or after the pregnancy. The viruses which cause AIDS, otherwise known as Human Immunodeficiecy Viruses(HIV) were first discovered in 1983 cooperatively by Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute and Dr. Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute in France. Aids is caused mainly by the HIV-1 virus, while the HIV-2 virus is less pronounced among those infected. Scientists are puzzled as to why this dominant HIV-1 virus has 10 different genetic subtypes, some think that it is so the virus will survive no matter what. HIV is part of a group of viruses called retroviruses. This category basically describes how the virus transmits and reproduces itself. Which is to say that upon entering the body the virus attaches itself to a T-4 cell(T-Helper cell), which is the type of cell that marks the bad things in our body so that another cell, the B-lymphocyte, can activate the production of antibodies, which are what would normally kill the virus. So, after attaching itself to this cell it then injects its viral replicating DNA in, which then copies itself on to the cells DNA, thus changing the whole function of the cell from killing the foreign agents which enter our body, to producing more of the virus that will eventually lead to the death of our body, because the cell is then used as a manufacturing plant for the virus. The one cell that entered your body is thus turned into 500, which then turns into 25,000, then 12,500,000. The virus is not strong merely because it replicates, however, it is strong because of what it replicates on, which is the helping cell of your immune system. But the most bizarre thing of the whole virus is that it doesnt kill you. It only weakens your immune system so other viruses and even bacteria can finish the job. The first set of symptoms are called AIDS-related complex(ARC). These symptoms include fever, diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue. These are only signs that you might have the virus HIV, and are not the full-fledged symptoms of AIDS. The two most common infections seen in AIDS patients are Pneumocystiscarinii Pneumonia(PCP), which is a parasitic infection of the lungs, and Karposis Sarcoma(KS), which is a type of cancer. The purplish dots on the skin that are usually associated with AIDS are from KS. Other common infections are non-Hodgekins lymphoma, primary lymphoma of the brain, severe infections with yeast, zytomegalovirus, herpes, and parasites such as taxoplasma or cryptosporidia. Some neurological disorders are: chronic aseptic meningitis,focal deficits, hallucinations, and progressive dementia. So as one can see any way it can open you up to an infection, is a bad way. The full-blown AIDS patient is usually very fragile and weak, having to be placed in hospital care because they find it hard to breathe. The slightest breeze, sometimes sets their whole body into a shiver that might not go away